Violence On Screen Essays - Animation, Television,

Viciousness On Screen Over the most recent couple of years, I have seen that on screen brutality has become as basic as a Cheesesteak in Philadelphia. Individuals regularly contend that the brutality seen on screen is affecting our way of life, yet every year the measure of watchers' increment. It appears that all together for your film or program to be effective it must contain viciousness. As I would like to think, this consistent levitation of savagery on screen is because of our societies' captivation by the craft of viciousness. Savagery is present in the greater part of our societies most enjoyedfilms like Independence Day, daytime syndicated programs, for example, Jerry Springer and even in kid's shows that have been around everlastingly like Tom and Jerry. I can review when daytime television shows (Donahue, Oprah) would barely ever have crowd criticism and not very many specialists. My how circumstances are different. On the present television shows, for example, Jerry Springer, there is consistently a rowdy crowd part, or a crazy visitor. Just as sure as you will discover Abe Lincoln on a penny, you will see a seat fly on Jerry Springer. The Springer show was the primary show to have visitors' battle ceaselessly the camera. Jerry Springers' explicit lack of respect for daytime show rules mixed debate in the media however it additionally worked up something in the public.... interest.Although Jerry Springer had conflicted with all the guidelines of daytime, his defiance had made his syndicated program the most watched appear in the country. At the point when the Springer show outperformed the evaluations ever most loved Oprah Whinfrey, it was restored that viciousness sells. As of late the Springer appear has quit airing its savage and genuine battles for some reasons, one being that 23% of the individuals that watched his show are younger than sixteen. In spite of the fact that Jerry Springer is a show expected for grown-ups, childrens' shows contain savagery as well.When I was a youngster, I saw nothing amiss with the Elmer Fudd chasing Rabbits or other Looney Tune characters being exploded, shot, or tossed off a precipice. Wile E. Cyote was continually being murdered while conspiring to get the Street Runner. The most famous kid's shows consistently contained savagery. Despite the fact that not the generally rough, Tom and Jerry displayed the feline and mouse pursue with a little extra. There have been on many occasions I have been stuck to the TV as Tom was pummeled, cut up, or choked by the clever mouse Jerry. It didn't strike me as brutality, however it was. I watched Tom and Jerry a couple of days prior, I understood that the entire show depended on Tom and Jerry attempting to execute one another. Tom attempting to murder Jerry to eat him or keep his lord and special lady upbeat and Jerry attempting to murder Tom to spare his life. There weren't a great deal of weapons utilized in Tom and Jerry aside from a couple of explosives to a great extent however never any weapons like in numerous big screen movies.Everyone wants to go out to see the film theater with their over evaluated snacks and clingy floors, however what makes motion pictures sell? The movies that get the most cash-flow at the case workplaces are generally activity films that have numerous clench hand battles, explosives and enormous firearms. Freedom Day netted more at the crate workplaces than some other film ever. The motion pictures plot was run of the mill. A gathering of courageous people endeavors to spare the earth from horrible extraterrestrial. Will Smith clench hand battled outsiders, exploded planets and clobbered all the trouble makers. The film was comprised of a visual dining experience of explosives, property harms, and mind blowing audio cues. Freedom Day was to Sci-Fi what Twister was to debacle films. In spite of the fact that Independence Day contained a huge measure of viciousness pretty much every individual in America went to see it, and cherished it. Because our culture cherishes savagery on screen, it doesn't imply that we as a whole have wiped out and tormented personalities, we are not every fair executioner already in the works. Our way of life is fixated on main problems being performed . There is nothing amiss with having viciousness in films and on T.V. On the off chance that an individual needs to plunk down and watch Will Smith explode a planet and spare the world, at that point they have that right. I for one appreciate watching activity films with explosives, fistfights and passing tallies at almost one hundred. I love the sentiment of leaving the performance center in amazement of what I just observed. Savagery is separated of our way of life both on and off the screen, just we can

10 Jobs That Pay More Than $80k And How To Get Them

10 Jobs That Pay More Than $80k And How To Get Them You need to pick a vocation that will challenge you and support your qualities, just as satisfying you in the long haul. Be that as it may, an incredible pay doesn’t harmed either, isn't that so? Look at a couple of these top paying occupations and check whether they may be directly for you. Some don’t even expect you to have a higher education! 1. Data Security Architect: $114kThis work requires a lot of understanding and capabilities, yet on the off chance that you can arrange yourself for it, you can bring in incredible cash. Hope to get confirmed in A+, Net+, and Security+. In the event that you have the hands-on understanding and the ability to carry out this responsibility (verifying security, working with firewalls, smoothing out procedures and arrangements), at that point you could be all set.2. Frameworks Admin: $83kThe commonplace average compensation for this position is a piece lower, however the more experience you have, the higher up the compensation scale you will be. It’s likewise in incredible interest. So in the event that you are a virtuoso at innovation, this activity may be for you.3. Craftsmanship Director: $95kAre you overly gifted and into workmanship yet individuals continue asking you how you intend to cover the tabs? Go into workmanship bearing, making the style and picture of a distribution, dramatic creation, promotion crusade, even window show! You’ll should have the option to structure and follow a spending plan, just as lead a group, yet in the event that you have the ability, preparing, innovativeness, and the eye, you’ll do great.4. Attorney: $130kThis is one of those in a flash regarded positions. Nobody will ever give you inconvenience at a mixed drink party again. You’ll need to go to graduate school and go into a great deal of obligation, however in the event that it suits you, you’ll be nearly ensured a serious compensation relying upon your specialization.5. Project supervi sor: $116kYou’ll need to offer a great deal to be a team lead, yet once you’re at that level, you won’t be doing as a significant part of the genuine selling. Rather you’ll be building up regions, defining objectives, and managing a group that does the selling. On the off chance that you’ve got five years of deals understanding added to your repertoire, this may be something you could consider. It’s great consistent work at great consistent compensation with less travel.6. IT Manager: $125kTechnology is such a vital piece of today’s workforce and world. IT Managers are commonly very generously compensated in light of the fact that they keep innovation running for the organizations they work at. They are the life saver when things go wrong!7. Business Operations Manager: $119kKeep your organization running-by arranging contracts, recruiting new ability, building and driving groups, and settling on methodology choices. The development f or this field is anticipated to be 7% through 2024. Search for employments on the east coast, in Connecticut, New York, and New Jersey.8. Budgetary Manager: $134kOversee the cash in your organization, control the checkbook, make benefit projections, oversee income, and arrange bookkeeping. It’s a very meticulous and profoundly private position, requiring incredible aptitude with numbers, however the compensation is obviously good.9. Showcasing Manager: $116kConduct research and use it to shape an effective promoting effort. Structure aptitudes won’t hurt you here, and neither will initiative and group building abilities. Live in your very own Mad Men for a living.10. Gracefully Chain Manager: $81kThis work will in general lead to high fulfillment and significant compensation the very good quality can net you up to $123k. You’ll need to stir your way up to this position, which will require a great deal of commitment, sweat and time, however especially on the off chance that you don’t have a professional education, it’s an astounding alternative.

Blog Archive Special Offer Free Mock Interview Session

Blog Archive Special Offer Free Mock Interview Session Are you in the New York City area and concerned about the harrowing MBA interview process? Would you like to take advantage of a free mock interview session with an mbaMission consultant? Is your schedule flexible enough that you are available from 1:30 p.m. to 3 p.m. on Monday, May 2? If you are indeed interested, available and prepared to complete two mock interviews, then we just might choose you as one of our “clients” during a FREE mock interview session with several mbaMission Senior Consultants. We are trying something new, and you can help us out (while getting the chance to practice for free)! If you are interested, please send your resume and a few sentences on why you are a deserving candidate to info@mbamission.com. In the subject line, please write “Free Mock Interview Session.” We will select five lucky MBA applicants and will notify the winners ASAP. Our deadline for submissions is April 25. Share ThisTweet mbaMission Events

Platos Socrates View On Civil Disobedience - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 724 Downloads: 10 Date added: 2019/05/05 Category Society Essay Level High school Topics: Civil Disobedience Essay Did you like this example? The rule of contractual was something Platos believed in and stood by it ever since the education he received along with other advantages that the state offered to its people, Platos was also like forced to agree as well to live per the laws of the state. Platos also believed in accepting and taking the benefits the benefits of the state made him some kind of subject for the state and because of this it became a result in being entitled to oblige to the states rules and to face different types of consequences that made or became an impact on him by the state. This became an explanation on the agreement that Socrates had with his decision to stay in jail and face the consequences like charges and sentences instead of just taking the chance and escape from prison (Voegelin,2000). Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Platos Socrates View On Civil Disobedience" essay for you Create order Even though in his Crito, he fails to directly respond to the question of whether to obey the rules or not, his earlier arguments reveal that one as a subject of the state was entitled to obey its rules regardless of the impacts on a more personal level. Agreeing or in this case accepting to die in the hands of the Athenians by Platos Socrates wasnt a move to disapprove his earlier claims of disobedience but rather a move to show a bigger purpose like the corrupt of the Athenian democracy that kill an innocent man in their hands to protect the ignorance manner. In his arguments discussing about philosophizing, Socrates argues that he would go on to philosophize even if the courts had told him not to. This move is portrayed as his way of disagreeing that anyone is not entitled to completely agree with the laws of state. The arguments he showed when in jail prove that Platos Socrates doesnt necessarily believe that one is entitled to break the law. When one of his well known students, Crito visits Platos Socrate in prison, the student were trying to change Platos mind in attempting to escape prison and after go to his hiding spot out in exile (Benardete, 2000). Socrate was being held in prison following the decision passed by the Athenian jury stating that he was guilty of impiety because of this it became a death sentence. Crito claimed that escaping prison was the best way to be able to get out of the his trail and also including the death sentence. Crito does mention that the escape was not easy as well as facing his sentencing would be his way of upholding the injustice ruling system. Also, a big betrayal to his friend even his loved ones who fully believed in him or even the people that followed him. Critos does suggest that even if escaping from prison was something that he didnt stand for it was better than taking a sentence that is unfair. his apology, Socrates discusses the problem of civil disobedience making an argument that in any case where someone is required to take part of a role like authority, the person is forced to take up the role that was given to them. Socrates also discusses that someone should take the position that is required without even thinking about the punishment which in this case, it was either life or death at the time the gods authority is more or even equal superior comparing to authority of someone that is just demanding in their world as the time. Because of disobeying authority it resulted to becoming in disgrace and the greater the authority of those in power, the higher the resultant disgrace. Thus, Socrates provides that disobeying the gods would be more disgrace compared to disobeying the men in authority. As a result, when an individual faces orders from the gods and man that are contradictory in nature, the right move to take is to obey the divine power. Thus, Socrates in his apology argues that his death is divine as was an order by the gods and failure to follow the order would be violation of their injunction. In his response, regarding the plan to escape, Socrates provides that all the claims made by Cri to were okay and true, especially regarding the public opinion of his death. However, Socrates goes forth and argues that public opinion is entirely useless in matters that deal with the soul.

Issues Arisen From The Collapse Of Lehman Brothers Finance Essay - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 8 Words: 2403 Downloads: 8 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Argumentative essay Did you like this example? This is a report on what types of issued arisen on collapse of Lehman Brothers and how does the American situation compare to Australia. The Lehman Brothers was one of the largest global financial service firms in United States, which was declared as the forth largest investment bank in US before its bankruptcy on year 2008. The US sub prime mortgage market collapse was basis of the Lehmans economic failure. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Issues Arisen From The Collapse Of Lehman Brothers Finance Essay" essay for you Create order On the time of its collapse Lehman owned $639 billion in assets and $619 billion in debt. Lehmans failure gave a big effect to the global finance market crisis in 2008.(C) 2.0 THE LEHMANS FAILURE LESSONS Lehmans failure offers two types of lessons as follows; We must get rid of the gaps in regularly financial frame work, which is permit large, interconnected firms such as Lehman to run without join supervision. When the time of the Lehmans failure the government agency was helpless to force Lehman in a safe way.(G) But not like the US, Australian investors had another place protection, which was the ASIC. In this case they interfered into clash between Lehman bank Australia and local council and they informed to federal court to hearing the arguments between them before they make the case judgement. (H) The failing banks needs to avoid choices between bailing out of failing in the future, permitting the bankruptcy disorder, need of fresh resolution commands. Some of commands would guard the economy and recover market regulations by providing details regarding whether the shareholders and creditors take losses and whether the management they also replaced or not.(G) 3.0 ISSUES ARISEN ON CORPORATE GOVERNECE FINANCIAL STUCTURE The Lehmans failure was widespread in the basic arrangement of the global financial system. The main issues can discuss as follows(D); The lightly regulated Banking system The Market Structure Derivatives Failure in fundamental checks and Balances Facts in accounting treatments Faulty in compensation structure Decreases in future investors funding Reissue 1: The alteration of use of short term liabilities to finance long term assets and leverage intrinsic in banking system, but unlike to normal banking system Lehman carryout its performances with high level of leverage. They financed itself to a large amount relating to the short term debts. The high risk business model and above features cause to the Lehmans collapse.(D) According to the current crisis, in the peak period this system invested approximately $8 trillion in assets with short term commitment as the real banking system. The growth of the system was raised due to weak capital requirements a nd light regulation facts. Financial sector development limited from the appearance of lightly regulated banking system and this financial failure.(D) Reissue 2: Repo 105 is an accounting techniques used to cover risk from the market. Valukas reported, Lehman used the Repo 105 transactions to hide their capital amount from regulators, rating agencies and as well as creditors. In 2008, Lehman used Repo 105 to overstate their financial strength and lift up their Repo market. Basically the US investment bankers used this market to exchange their assets for short term loans.(D) The repurchase agreement or Repo market was major basis of liquidity risk and the crisis volatility for the most of merchant firms including Lehman. As the same way the mortgage was secured by home and Repos were protected by assets on traders balance sheet.The most important part of the repo is tri-party repo and its useful to provide liquidity to safety markets during the regular times. During the stre ss period this actions cause of liquidity risk for financial sector. During the crisis period, market felt with doubt about the funds money and the repo clearing banks intraday credit. The tri-party repo funding had been restricted to either Treasury or agency safe security classes.  The tri-party lenders, turn into less willing to continue funding when the time of lower-quality security value grow to be uncertain.(D) By the effect on above points, financial crisis tri-party repo market and funding was vital evident of liquidity damage on trader firms. Also the money funds shown volatility during this period. On this confused financial environment, assets not have been safe as expected. Those anxieties make stronger after Lehmans collapse. The temporary government policy actions require for guarantee of those industries. Even through in the large risks, uncovered taxpayers protected by the money fund guarantee.(D) Reissue 3: Lehman was a major member in Over the Counter (OTC) derivatives market and holds 900000 derivatives over worldwide. Lehmans derivatives also cause to the Lehmans bankruptcy and its bankruptcy takes the part of flow of the governance financial infrastructure. The national outstanding credits default change over from approximately $2 trillion in 2002 to over $60 trillion in 2007 due to the bilateral basis trade conduct.(D) The regulatory efforts was in progress to reduce this system risks in before the crisis but in 2008 the aggregate credit defaults national amounts was reduced through the regulatory portfolio requirements and as well as Which cause to the traders surplus position collapse.(D) Reissue 4: The year before the Lehmans economic failure it was a high risk business and in this period Lehman developed important contacts to sub prime lending and business related real estated. In this period Lehman breached its own risk attention limit into search of higher earnings. The sound of Risk management fail ure was another important point in the financial field. The some of the important test and balances in risk management were auditing and disclosure tasks and bord of directors. (D) Weak points in tests and balances were occurred during and before financial crisis, but board of directors failure provide the significant judgments to access those weakness and auditors failure and disclosures recognised mistakes in accounting perspective and existing accounting and disclosures did not sufficiently explained about material mistakes arisen to investors.(D) Reissue 5: Lehman identifies how the gaps system effect in the financial firms regulatory and accounting treatment. US governance regulatory system provide more flexible structure for firms accounting , regulatory and tax activities and differences between US and foreign tax and accounting treatment for the international firms. This systems voluntarily mistake rule allowed all the invest banks as well as the Lehman to work w ith high risk and leverage. The complexity of the regulatory and accounting treatment cause many challenges to the audit and disclosure rule. It is arguable that the US governments financial supervisors did enough jobs in this situation because the sudden crisis more heavily concerned in the financial industry.(D) Reissue 6: Lehman asked top executes to understand difficulties in business field. The top executives received cash compensation during the bloom and able to cash out vital amounts from stock compensation in the before the crisis. Other financial firms compensation structures were not true with the risk time horizon and decision-making were considered as short term act with slight attention to the future losses. The high risk activities make the short term profitability.(D) As concerned above US governance system tests and balances was limited certain exercises but in many time these tests and balances did not work. Pay setting decision taken by compensation commi ttees and directors made the decisions relating to the relationship between compensation and risk taking.(D) Reissue 7: After the Lehmans bankruptcy most of investors fear to renew their funding to any financial intuitions. Money funding investors try to exchange their shares and divert funds from private sectors to treasury securities. It seems to be whole financial system would collapse without the government involvement.(D) Lehman was the next weakest investment bank after the Bear Stearns failure which was affected to the US financial system as well as the global economy. Further more, with the limited powers the system worked industriously to avoid the damages to financial system and economic boarder. But unfortunately the tools was had not enough to carry on the further steps. However US financial system deeply damage with from the Lehmans bankruptcy and without better recover tools the US system was absent with no better decisions.(D) 4.0 LEGAL ISSUES corporate insolvency law breach of contract, breach of fiduciary duty and unauthorized transfer of assets beach of liquidator duties Reissue 1; The United National Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) has introduced model law system which is included in the other countries insolvency systems. The main goal of the system is to offer recognition facilities and give powers to the foreign insolvency proceeding officers. Likely USA, UK, Australia also accepted the model law but it is not so far universal.(E) The insolvency laws were legislated by the corporate act in the Australia with the ASIC oversight. The law was included Voluntary Administration, performance of the Company Arrangement, Creditors Voluntary Liquidations, Receiverships, Court Appointed Liquidations and Members Voluntary Liquidations. The Voluntary Administration and Receiverships was the major types in Australian External Administration. The Lehmans collapse directed how the most complex int ernational bankruptcy affect the globally.(E) Lehmans Australian subsidiary was liked to support the American parent company. The made new idea of the bankruptcy was to bring a court case in the US would be more costly and it is difficult, but still assets available for creditors. (B) Like US, Australian claimants also taking powerful supports from UNCITRALs model law in the Lehman bankruptcy. In the Australian court the Cross Border Insolvency bill would stop the fate of the assets and it could be resolute off shore. The main thing in here is main interest centre of the insolvent company been on offshore, the cross border insolvency Act wanted to rule the insolvency proceedings in the Australian court.(B) But insolvency lawyer had little debt that the system was replaced by the cross border insolvency Act had been release mistreatments and charging extra cost for multiple proceedings and all those cost would be going to reduce form the creditors assets pool.(B) The N SW chief justice Jims view was the corporate insolvency multi proceeding approach are corresponding of protectionists. And also he explained that local assets maximising the payout to local creditors.(B) Reissue 2: There was an opportunity for the collapsed banks to request revise the deal they made and approved to follow claims for unauthorized transfer assets, breach of fiduciary duty as well as the breach of contracts. The Lehmans unsecured creditors and US securities investor protection corporations trustees are supported this request.(G) Reissue 3: On the case evident the other important issue appears to have possibility of the breach of liquidators duties. Duty of care and diligence: Liquidators are also guardian of other peoples money. In this situation the first duty is to implement care and due diligence. In this situation, It is arguable that Lehman engages in misleading conduct. According to the Valukas report (US trustee- appointed Examiner), he pres ented that their was a misleading picture in the Lehmans financial form to the public by using Repo transactions (repurchase agreement).furthermore he mentioned that he was not disclose its use, such as Repo 105 to the government, rating agencies, directors or investors. The result was help to hide the holding bad assets in the balance sheet. Regarding to this he pointed out that he founded Lehman used Repo105 transactions to get smaller their balance sheet and mislead their investors and creditor. It is important to reduce the financial fraud and gave a confidence and trust about the financial market to investors.(F) The Lehmans collapse case quite similar to the case of Enron collapse in 2001.because their ware misbehaviour of top management due to both auditing and director board. In the Enron management, in the pre pay transition they increase in leverage into positive cash flow without any balance sheet impact and in the Lehmans period they used the Repo 105 for pre pay tran saction functions. (A) Liquidity is necessary for the investment banks business models. Valukas reported the Lehman liquidity take part in important role in their business model. Also he pointed out that when the time the risks were rising the Lehmans executives file misleading financial report and the accounting methods occur mislead investors, including the transaction which was vanish $50 billion amount from its balance sheet and focusing the future project forecast the real estate investments write-down. On Valukas view Lehman failure take apart from the result of inadequate liquidity.(F) Inclosing, Reference: aus effect ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦.. According to the US law, the Lehman Brothers was allowed to the collateral and it assumed procedures for court to court communication. When considering the US creditors in excess of international investors, there are vital flow on things can happen to investors who were carry on contracts in internationally. Not only US Australian investors also suffering bad experience with the Lehman Brothers collapse. In here the insolvencies support to the arrange administration of the assets in the unsecured creditors. Australian investors prepared claims by using common law and statutory ground to take an action against the Lehman Brothers with regarding to their investment losses. The Australian statutory requirements create a collective solution for the series of claims against to the Lehmans subsidiary companies in Australia. But the recently held statutory system in the Australian High court was helpless to allow claims of any other Lehmans subsidiary or creditors against third party.( ) 5.0 CONCLUSION This case provides the guidance how bankruptcy can direct to the global financial losses for an instance, in the payments and settlement processes and the system disturbance. Lehman did not engage in role of the US value payment system. But they offered number of funds to prime brokerage system and those were lost access to credit line and also as the collateral. The Lehman case direct to a risky satisfaction, such as it can be cause to the any police mistake or stupid legal restriction or can be due to not sufficient bailout power. Another important take out in this case was do we can imagine that as a executive are we done any better. It is clear without the strong rule and trusty workers nobody can do better. Again with the Lehmans case it is good lessons to whole economic system that ignore all the evidence that this system cannot continue. By considering the above evidence we can argue, behind the Lehman collapse their must be simply fraud. Lehman case was not gone do wn by market manipulation it undergoes with bankruptcy. (A) Another point is before Lehman Brothers faced with this matter the US government do not declare any warning message to them. Because they noticed that the US government did not have the power to take an action to prevent Lehmans failure.

Department Of Juvenile Justice System Essay - 2336 Words

Department of Juvenile Justice Organization description Florida Legislatures created the Florida Department of Juvenile Justice in 1994 to serve as the state agency responsible for youth involved in the juvenile justice system. Although the state agency is under the authority of the state governor, Secretary Christina Daly, who provides leadership for the organization, each circuit has a leadership team who runs the daily operation of each sub-department. The Department’s headquarter is located in Tallahassee Florida where 3,000 employees are employed statewide. Broward County, the seventeenth circuit employs one hundred and twenty employees in Probation. The Department’s mission is to increase public safety by reducing juvenile delinquency through effective prevention, intervention and treatment services that strengthen families and turn around the lives of troubled youth. The Department’s vision is that the children and families of Florida will live in safe, nurturing communities that provide for t heir needs, recognize their strengths and support their success. The Department has five guiding principles: Prevention and education are paramount; Strengthen partnerships with judicial, legislative and community stakeholders; Promote public safety through effective intervention; provide a safe and nurturing environment for our children and preserve and restore physical and mental health (http://www.djj.state.fl.us/about-us/mission). 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Movie Analysis The Breakfast Club Essay Example For Students

Movie Analysis The Breakfast Club Essay Communication is vital in connecting people in today’s world. Most people do not know how to communicate effectively. They believe that it is not something that needs work and are usually unaware of what it takes to deliver a clear idea or message. However, communication is a skill that can be improved on by practicing and learning to master it so that a person is able to clearly express their thoughts. In The Breakfast Club, a film production by John Hughes, the characters of the film did not communicate, which led them to make assumptions about one another that turned out to be false. Every person believed that his or her problems were the worst. Throughout the day in detention, the teenagers opened up in a way they never thought was possible. Each character thought that they were different, but they all had something in common, being a teenager. Whether it be the pressure of academics and doing well in school, the imagine you portray yourself to your peers, or the relationship you have with your parents, its all the hardships of being teenagers that ultimately made them the same. The main character of the film, John Bender, was the average bad boy. It is evident that he craved social attention, which led him to create a false world for himself. This could be due to the fact that he came from a home of neglect and abuse. His body language, such as rolling his eyes when people were trying to talk to him, gave off the impression that he did not care. Bender’s attitude on the situation prevented him from reaching a certain level of comfort and trust with the other teenagers. When he spoke, his hand gestures and posture are considered non-verbal communication. This type of communication can give off a strong impression, whether positive or negative. However, for Bender’s case, it gave off a negative one in the beginning. From when Claire first met him to when they walked out at the end of detention, her perception changed. He went from being the typical high school rebel to someone she trusted and opened up to. By the end of the film, Benders’ Johari Window evolved. It started off with a small open area and a very large hidden area. After developing a little trust in his peers, he gradually increased his open area and slowly decreased his unknown area. Claire Standish was the typical popular girl. On the outside, she was perceived to be a rich daddy’s girl that got everything in life handed to her on a silver platter. It turned out that she was unhappy with her family dynamics and social status. This led Claire to be timid and feel insecure when revealing information about her. It all changed once Claire learned the hardships of the other kids. In the beginning of the film, Claire did not communicate well. It is evident that she thought she was superior to the rest of the students. Her tone of voice when she communicated with the others made it sound like she talked down to them. Out of all the characters, I think Claire’s Johari Window evolved the most throughout the film. In the beginning of the film, Claire had a very tiny open and unknown area. The biggest part of her window was the hidden area. She was always self-conscience of what her peer’s thought of her; hence why she kept to herself. By the end of the film Claire reached such a deep level within each herself that her open area became her biggest square and she greatly reduced the size of her hidden and unknown area. â€Å"Why are you being so nice to me†, Allison asked Claire while she was doing her makeup. This showed that before detention, being nice to Allison was something Claire would of never done. Claire learned how to communicate better with peers she originally was not comfortable with. Andrew Clark was the star wrestler, that had everything going for him, but his downfall was his father. .uf77326855102fd33c66073534972079d , .uf77326855102fd33c66073534972079d .postImageUrl , .uf77326855102fd33c66073534972079d .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uf77326855102fd33c66073534972079d , .uf77326855102fd33c66073534972079d:hover , .uf77326855102fd33c66073534972079d:visited , .uf77326855102fd33c66073534972079d:active { border:0!important; } .uf77326855102fd33c66073534972079d .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uf77326855102fd33c66073534972079d { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uf77326855102fd33c66073534972079d:active , .uf77326855102fd33c66073534972079d:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uf77326855102fd33c66073534972079d .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uf77326855102fd33c66073534972079d .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uf77326855102fd33c66073534972079d .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uf77326855102fd33c66073534972079d .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uf77326855102fd33c66073534972079d:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uf77326855102fd33c66073534972079d .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uf77326855102fd33c66073534972079d .uf77326855102fd33c66073534972079d-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uf77326855102fd33c66073534972079d:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Tempest Epilogue AnalysisAndrew starts off his day in detention by feeling superior to the other students. This is exemplified when he says, â€Å"If I lose my temper youre totaled, man† to Bender. Just from his tone of voice and body language towards Bender you could tell he was trying to be tough. Although Bender and Andrew did not share the same values and never seemed to get along, they wind up having respect for each other. Andrew’s Johari Window unfolded throughout the film. He started off with a small open area, trying to only keep the image his peers saw him as, which was a jock. At the end of detention, Andrew came to the realization that they’re not so different after all. This is exemplified when he revealed his crush on Allison. Normally, that relationship would not have happened. Being the geek of the school, Brian Johnson came into detention with no confidence. He was the type of kid who was heading in the right path, but suffered with the constant stress of his parents, who expected him to be a perfect child. Brian relied on his grades to heavily, which resulted in his downfall when he received an F in a class. He thought that his only option was to end his life. However, the other four teenagers showed him he was not alone, they all had issues with their parents and lives too. Once the teenagers started opening up to one other, Brian’s perceptions on the situation changed. He gained self-confidence and evolved his Joharis window. His open area box was much bigger at the end of the film then it was in the beginning. Allison Reynolds was the strangest and quietest of them all. She did not have friends or a good relationship with her parents. She said how she felt lonely and was desperate to be heard. The scene where she dumped her pocketbook on the couch was an example of a cry out for attention and to be heard. In the beginning of the film she lacked communication skills in every aspect. Her body language would be hard to read because she would always just sit there and cover her face, giving off the impression she was either shy or socially awkward. She had no verbal communication with anyone in the beginning. That was until the other four teenagers broke open her shell. She then gave off the impression that she was a compulsive liar, which was another cry out for attention. It wasn’t until Claire did her make up and Andrew flirted with her that she realized she was just like them and began to open up who she really was. Allison’s Joharis window definitely had the smallest open area of them all. By the end of the film it wasn’t much bigger but she definitely opened up way more than she would of if she did not go to detention. Personally, I can relate to this movie in many ways. When I was in high school I was judged for being an athlete. There was always the reputation that an athlete isn’t smart or friendly. Looking back at my high school career, I have realized that being on a sports team made me exclusive. I felt as if I did not need to hangout with anyone besides my teammates. In college, I have worked harder to become friends with kids not on sports teams and to really expand my horizons. Most of the time, the judgments people make about you are correct and that is because of the way you present yourself. In high school, I would only work with my sports friends in all of my classes and sit at the same lunch table with all the athletes. It is evident now that I made a bad impression of myself. .u18f46ab82b2b471d0dda8fc322732e12 , .u18f46ab82b2b471d0dda8fc322732e12 .postImageUrl , .u18f46ab82b2b471d0dda8fc322732e12 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u18f46ab82b2b471d0dda8fc322732e12 , .u18f46ab82b2b471d0dda8fc322732e12:hover , .u18f46ab82b2b471d0dda8fc322732e12:visited , .u18f46ab82b2b471d0dda8fc322732e12:active { border:0!important; } .u18f46ab82b2b471d0dda8fc322732e12 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u18f46ab82b2b471d0dda8fc322732e12 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u18f46ab82b2b471d0dda8fc322732e12:active , .u18f46ab82b2b471d0dda8fc322732e12:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u18f46ab82b2b471d0dda8fc322732e12 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u18f46ab82b2b471d0dda8fc322732e12 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u18f46ab82b2b471d0dda8fc322732e12 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u18f46ab82b2b471d0dda8fc322732e12 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u18f46ab82b2b471d0dda8fc322732e12:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u18f46ab82b2b471d0dda8fc322732e12 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u18f46ab82b2b471d0dda8fc322732e12 .u18f46ab82b2b471d0dda8fc322732e12-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u18f46ab82b2b471d0dda8fc322732e12:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Print Advertisement Analysis EssayThe Breakfast Club relates to my oral communication class in numerous ways. This movie consists of all the main concepts discussed in class and uses these concepts to get important messages across throughout the movie. Values, perception, non-verbal and verbal language, and the Johari window are just a few of the concepts that are greatly demonstrated in the film. These concepts are portrayed through the characters and without them one would not be able to understand the messages in the movie and the lesson behind it all; everyone has a hidden side that cannot be seen from the outside.

Weber, Durkheim, Marx and how they account for religion Essay Example For Students

Weber, Durkheim, Marx and how they account for religion Essay How do we account for religion its origin, its development, and even its persistence in modern society? This is a question which has occupied many people in a variety of fields for quite a long time. At one point, the answers were framed in purely theological and religious terms, assuming the truth of Christian revelations and proceeding from there. In the 18th and 19th centuries, a more naturalistic approach developed. Instead of needing to believe in the truth of the religion, what was required was just the opposite: intellectual detachment and a suspension of belief. Three people who ended up doing just that were Karl Marx, Emile Durkheim and Max Weber. Marx studied philosophy in Berlin under William Hegel. Hegels philosophy had a decisive influence upon Marxs own thinking and theories. According to Marx, religion is an expression of material realities and economic injustice. Thus, problems in religion are ultimately problems in society. Religion is not the disease, but merely a symptom. It is used by oppressors to make people feel better about the distress they experience due to being poor and exploited. This is the origin of his comment that religion is the opium of the people. We will write a custom essay on Weber, Durkheim, Marx and how they account for religion specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now People do not have an objective view of the world; they see it from the restricted point of view of their own positions. (p. 35) At times I may seem to be focusing more on economic rather than religious theory, but that is because Marxs basic stance is that everything is always about economics. According to Marx, humans even from their earliest beginnings are not motivated by grand ideas but instead by material concerns, like the need to eat and survive. This is the basic premise of a materialist view of history. At the beginning, people worked together in unity and it wasnt so bad. But eventually, humans developed agriculture and the concept of private property. These two facts created a division of labor and a separation of classes based upon power and wealth. This material organization of society is what Marx calls class consciousness. This, in turn, created the social conflict that drives society. All of this is made worse by capitalism which only increases the disparity between the wealthy classes and the labor classes. Confrontation between them is unavoidable because those classes are driven by historical forces beyond anyones control. Capitalism also creates one new misery: exploitation of surplus value. For Marx, an ideal economic system would involve exchanges of equal value for equal value, where value is determined simply by the amount of work put into whatever is being produced. Capitalism interrupts this ideal by introducing a profit motive a desire to produce an uneven exchange of lesser value for greater value. Profit is ultimately derived from the surplus value produced by workers in factories. A laborer might produce enough value to feed his family in two hours of work, but he keeps at the job for a full day in Marxs time, that might be 12 or 14 hours. Those extra hours represent the surplus value produced by the worker. The owner of the factory did nothing to earn this, but exploits it nevertheless and keeps the difference as profit. Economics, then, are what constitute the base of all of human life and history generating division of labor, class struggle, and all the social institutions which are supposed to maintain the status quo. Those social institutions are a superstructure built upon the base of economics, totally dependent upon material and economic realities but nothing else. All of the institutions which are prominent in our daily lives marriage, church, government, arts, etc. can only be truly understood when examined in relation to economic forces. It should be clear now that religion is one of those social institutions which are dependent upon the material and economic realities in a given society. It has no independent history but is instead the creature of productive forces. As Marx wrote, The religious world is but the reflex of the real world. Marx asserts that religion is only dependent upon economics, nothing else so much so that the actual doctrines of the religions are almost irrelevant. This is a functionalist interpretation of religion understanding religion is not dependent upon the content of beliefs, but what social purpose religion itself serves. Marx believes that religion is an illusion whose chief purpose is to provide reasons and excuses to keep society functioning just as it is. Just as capitalism takes our productive labor and alienates us from its value, religion also takes our qualities our highest ideals and aspirations and alienates us from them, projecting them onto an alien and unknowable being called a god. Religion is meant to create illusory fantasies for the poor. Economic realities prevent them from finding true happiness in this life, so religion tells them that this is OK because they will find that true happiness in the next life. For Marx, the problem lies in the fact that just like an opiate drug fails to fix a physical injury it merely helps you forget your pain and suffering, religion also does not fix the underlying causes of peoples pain and suffering instead, it helps them forget why they are suffering and get them to look forward to an imaginary future when the pain will cease instead of working to change circumstances now. Even worse, this drug of religion is being administered by the same oppressors who are ultimately responsible for the pain and suffering in the first place. Emile Durkheim continued with Marxs theories in his book The Elementary forms of Religious Life that was published just a few years before his death, in 1912. As Marx had argued that every class had its own conscious view of reality, Durkheim went further to demonstrate that even the most basic social ideas as time, space and God can be seen as creations of society. Durkheim suggests that there is not one reality but many and that this reality only exists because of the symbolic creations of humans and their rituals. Durkheim studied the aboriginal tribes of Australia in an effort to understand religion. He concluded that religion always involves a distinction between things that are sacred and things that are profane. Durkheim uses the example of the totem pole that functions to hold the tribe together. The totemic animal, Durkheim believed, was the original focus of religious activity because it was the emblem for a social group, the clan. He thought that the function of religion was to make people willing to put the interests of society ahead of their own desires. All members of the tribe gather together to perform periodic totem rituals, it is these rituals that set the rules for social order. It is forbidden to kill or harm the totem animal and it is therefor forbidden to kill or harm ones fellow tribesmen who name themselves after the totem. In the modern Christian religion, Durkeim argues that the moral commandments such as The Golden Rule and The Ten Commandments are primarily social rules. These rules regulate humans behavior toward eachother and serve to maintain a sense of social unity. People do not follow these rules out of their fear for heaven or hell but for their desire to be accepted by society. If they participate in the religious rituals they will feel a sense of belonging, whereas those who break the rules and avoid the rituals suffer from social isolation. To Durkheim, God is merely a symbol of society. Max Webers sociology is the foundation of scientific sociology of religion in a sense of typological and objective understanding. .u42ef4fe84dab335c6393dd8f42e62738 , .u42ef4fe84dab335c6393dd8f42e62738 .postImageUrl , .u42ef4fe84dab335c6393dd8f42e62738 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u42ef4fe84dab335c6393dd8f42e62738 , .u42ef4fe84dab335c6393dd8f42e62738:hover , .u42ef4fe84dab335c6393dd8f42e62738:visited , .u42ef4fe84dab335c6393dd8f42e62738:active { border:0!important; } .u42ef4fe84dab335c6393dd8f42e62738 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u42ef4fe84dab335c6393dd8f42e62738 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u42ef4fe84dab335c6393dd8f42e62738:active , .u42ef4fe84dab335c6393dd8f42e62738:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u42ef4fe84dab335c6393dd8f42e62738 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u42ef4fe84dab335c6393dd8f42e62738 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u42ef4fe84dab335c6393dd8f42e62738 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u42ef4fe84dab335c6393dd8f42e62738 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u42ef4fe84dab335c6393dd8f42e62738:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u42ef4fe84dab335c6393dd8f42e62738 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u42ef4fe84dab335c6393dd8f42e62738 .u42ef4fe84dab335c6393dd8f42e62738-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u42ef4fe84dab335c6393dd8f42e62738:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: 12 Angry Men EssayRejecting Karl Marxs evolutionary law of class society, or Emile Durkheims sustained law of moral society, Weber established the understanding sociology of the subjective meaning of religious action or inaction. He argued that the transformation of religion allowed for social changes where people could now work together to gain economic wealth. In a primitive society there were many gods, those kinsmen who worshipped the same household god as you could be trusted but those strangers who worshipped a different god were aliens and could not be trusted. The rise of the great world religions, such as Buddhism, Christianity and Islam, separated the idea of the natural world from the idea of the spiritual world. Instead of gods and spirits, people become widely concerned with the idea of heaven and hell. Weber argues that the idea of a universal God allowed for laws based on consistent general principles. Religion itself can also develop in new directions. (P. 133) In primitive religions one prays to the gods to make his crops grow or kill off enemies. In the event of a natural disaster the kinsmen would believe that the gods were angry with them and continue to hold ceremonial sacrifices until the weather was better. It was this fear of the gods that kept the primitive kinsmen from trusting anyone else. In this new spiritual realm, the righteous individual who follows all the rituals and laws of his religion can still hope for salvation even if his has bad fortune. The ideas of good and evil can develop separately from the ideas of worldly success and failure. (P. 134) In Webers writing The Protestant Ethic he discusses the role that religion played in the rise of capitalism. This new religious breakthrough opened many of the doors to industrialization: laying the basis for a moral community of trust underlying peaceful commerce; rationalizing the legal system; motivating people to remake political, social, and economic institutions in keeping with an imperative to transform the world more closely to the ideal. (P. 134) Religion was now responsible for uniting and enlarging a community who could live together in peace with the same moral and ethical code of conduct. Weber believed that the Protestant ethic broke the hold of tradition while it encouraged men to apply themselves rationally to their work. Calvinism, he found, had developed a set of beliefs around the concept of predestination. Followers of Calvin believed that one could not do good works or perform acts of faith to assure your place in heaven. You were either among the elect (in which case you were in) or you were not. However, wealth was taken as a sign by you and your neighbors that you were one of the Gods elect, thereby providing encouragement for people to acquire wealth. The Protestant ethic therefore provided religious sanctions that fostered a spirit of rigorous discipline, encouraging men to apply themselves rationally to acquire wealth. This naturalistic approach to religion represented a fundamental paradigm shift in how religion was to be viewed. Instead of requiring clergy in order to understand religion, the requirement became facts and information and research. Whether you agree with the evaluation of the social function of religion as Marx did, that religion was the opium of the people, as Durkheim did that religion was what made moral society hold together, or with Webers The Protestant ethic, it is obvious that religion played a key role in the development of society. 1- Collins, Makowisky; The Discovery of Society How do we account for religion its origin, its development, and even its persistence in modern society? This is a question which has occupied many people in a variety of fields for quite a long time. At one point, the answers were framed in purely theological and religious terms, assuming the truth of Christian revelations and proceeding from there. In the 18th and 19th centuries, a more naturalistic approach developed. Instead of needing to believe in the truth of the religion, what was required was just the opposite: intellectual detachment and a suspension of belief. Three people who ended up doing just that were Karl Marx, Emile Durkheim and Max Weber. Marx studied philosophy in Berlin under William Hegel. Hegels philosophy had a decisive influence upon Marxs own thinking and theories. According to Marx, religion is an expression of material realities and economic injustice. Thus, problems in religion are ultimately problems in society. Religion is not the disease, but merely a symptom. It is used by oppressors to make people feel better about the distress they experience due to being poor and exploited. This is the origin of his comment that religion is the opium of the people. People do not have an objective view of the world; they see it from the restricted point of view of their own positions. (p. 35) At times I may seem to be focusing more on economic rather than religious theory, but that is because Marxs basic stance is that everything is always about economics. According to Marx, humans even from their earliest beginnings are not motivated by grand ideas but instead by material concerns, like the need to eat and survive. This is the basic premise of a materialist view of history. At the beginning, people worked together in unity and it wasnt so bad. But eventually, humans developed agriculture and the concept of private property. These two facts created a division of labor and a separation of classes based upon power and wealth. This material organization of society is what Marx calls class consciousness. This, in turn, created the social conflict that drives society. All of this is made worse by capitalism which only increases the disparity between the wealthy classes and the labor classes. Confrontation between them is unavoidable because those classes are driven by historical forces beyond anyones control. Capitalism also creates one new misery: exploitation of surplus value. For Marx, an ideal economic system would involve exchanges of equal value for equal value, where value is determined simply by the amount of work put into whatever is being produced. Capitalism interrupts this ideal by introducing a profit motive a desire to produce an uneven exchange of lesser value for greater value. Profit is ultimately derived from the surplus value produced by workers in factories. A laborer might produce enough value to feed his family in two hours of work, but he keeps at the job for a full day in Marxs time, that might be 12 or 14 hours. Those extra hours represent the surplus value produced by the worker. The owner of the factory did nothing to earn this, but exploits it nevertheless and keeps the difference as profit. Economics, then, are what constitute the base of all of human life and history generating division of labor, class struggle, and all the social institutions which are supposed to maintain the status quo. Those social institutions are a superstructure built upon the base of economics, totally dependent upon material and economic realities but nothing else. All of the institutions which are prominent in our daily lives marriage, church, government, arts, etc. can only be truly understood when examined in relation to economic forces. It should be clear now that religion is one of those social institutions which are dependent upon the material and economic realities in a given society. It has no independent history but is instead the creature of productive forces. As Marx wrote, The religious world is but the reflex of the real world. Marx asserts that religion is only dependent upon economics, nothing else so much so that the actual doctrines of the religions are almost irrelevant. .uaec7fe42cd0bba60b6ac9d8658eb7cb9 , .uaec7fe42cd0bba60b6ac9d8658eb7cb9 .postImageUrl , .uaec7fe42cd0bba60b6ac9d8658eb7cb9 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uaec7fe42cd0bba60b6ac9d8658eb7cb9 , .uaec7fe42cd0bba60b6ac9d8658eb7cb9:hover , .uaec7fe42cd0bba60b6ac9d8658eb7cb9:visited , .uaec7fe42cd0bba60b6ac9d8658eb7cb9:active { border:0!important; } .uaec7fe42cd0bba60b6ac9d8658eb7cb9 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uaec7fe42cd0bba60b6ac9d8658eb7cb9 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uaec7fe42cd0bba60b6ac9d8658eb7cb9:active , .uaec7fe42cd0bba60b6ac9d8658eb7cb9:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uaec7fe42cd0bba60b6ac9d8658eb7cb9 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uaec7fe42cd0bba60b6ac9d8658eb7cb9 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uaec7fe42cd0bba60b6ac9d8658eb7cb9 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uaec7fe42cd0bba60b6ac9d8658eb7cb9 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uaec7fe42cd0bba60b6ac9d8658eb7cb9:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uaec7fe42cd0bba60b6ac9d8658eb7cb9 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uaec7fe42cd0bba60b6ac9d8658eb7cb9 .uaec7fe42cd0bba60b6ac9d8658eb7cb9-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uaec7fe42cd0bba60b6ac9d8658eb7cb9:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Adolescent Peer Pressure EssayThis is a functionalist interpretation of religion understanding religion is not dependent upon the content of beliefs, but what social purpose religion itself serves. Marx believes that religion is an illusion whose chief purpose is to provide reasons and excuses to keep society functioning just as it is. Just as capitalism takes our productive labor and alienates us from its value, religion also takes our qualities our highest ideals and aspirations and alienates us from them, projecting them onto an alien and unknowable being called a god. Religion is meant to create illusory fantasies for the poor. Economic realities prevent them from finding true happiness in this life, so religion tells them that this is OK because they will find that true happiness in the next life. For Marx, the problem lies in the fact that just like an opiate drug fails to fix a physical injury it merely helps you forget your pain and suffering, religion also does not fix the underlying causes of peoples pain and suffering instead, it helps them forget why they are suffering and get them to look forward to an imaginary future when the pain will cease instead of working to change circumstances now. Even worse, this drug of religion is being administered by the same oppressors who are ultimately responsible for the pain and suffering in the first place. Emile Durkheim continued with Marxs theories in his book The Elementary forms of Religious Life that was published just a few years before his death, in 1912. As Marx had argued that every class had its own conscious view of reality, Durkheim went further to demonstrate that even the most basic social ideas as time, space and God can be seen as creations of society. Durkheim suggests that there is not one reality but many and that this reality only exists because of the symbolic creations of humans and their rituals. Durkheim studied the aboriginal tribes of Australia in an effort to understand religion. He concluded that religion always involves a distinction between things that are sacred and things that are profane. Durkheim uses the example of the totem pole that functions to hold the tribe together. The totemic animal, Durkheim believed, was the original focus of religious activity because it was the emblem for a social group, the clan. He thought that the function of religion was to make people willing to put the interests of society ahead of their own desires. All members of the tribe gather together to perform periodic totem rituals, it is these rituals that set the rules for social order. It is forbidden to kill or harm the totem animal and it is therefor forbidden to kill or harm ones fellow tribesmen who name themselves after the totem. In the modern Christian religion, Durkeim argues that the moral commandments such as The Golden Rule and The Ten Commandments are primarily social rules. These rules regulate humans behavior toward eachother and serve to maintain a sense of social unity. People do not follow these rules out of their fear for heaven or hell but for their desire to be accepted by society. If they participate in the religious rituals they will feel a sense of belonging, whereas those who break the rules and avoid the rituals suffer from social isolation. To Durkheim, God is merely a symbol of society. Max Webers sociology is the foundation of scientific sociology of religion in a sense of typological and objective understanding. Rejecting Karl Marxs evolutionary law of class society, or Emile Durkheims sustained law of moral society, Weber established the understanding sociology of the subjective meaning of religious action or inaction. He argued that the transformation of religion allowed for social changes where people could now work together to gain economic wealth. In a primitive society there were many gods, those kinsmen who worshipped the same household god as you could be trusted but those strangers who worshipped a different god were aliens and could not be trusted. The rise of the great world religions, such as Buddhism, Christianity and Islam, separated the idea of the natural world from the idea of the spiritual world. Instead of gods and spirits, people become widely concerned with the idea of heaven and hell. Weber argues that the idea of a universal God allowed for laws based on consistent general principles. Religion itself can also develop in new directions. (P. 133) In primitive religions one prays to the gods to make his crops grow or kill off enemies. In the event of a natural disaster the kinsmen would believe that the gods were angry with them and continue to hold ceremonial sacrifices until the weather was better. It was this fear of the gods that kept the primitive kinsmen from trusting anyone else. In this new spiritual realm, the righteous individual who follows all the rituals and laws of his religion can still hope for salvation even if his has bad fortune. The ideas of good and evil can develop separately from the ideas of worldly success and failure. (P. 134) In Webers writing The Protestant Ethic he discusses the role that religion played in the rise of capitalism. This new religious breakthrough opened many of the doors to industrialization: laying the basis for a moral community of trust underlying peaceful commerce; rationalizing the legal system; motivating people to remake political, social, and economic institutions in keeping with an imperative to transform the world more closely to the ideal. P. 134) Religion was now responsible for uniting and enlarging a community who could live together in peace with the same moral and ethical code of conduct. Weber believed that the Protestant ethic broke the hold of tradition while it encouraged men to apply themselves rationally to their work. Calvinism, he found, had developed a set of beliefs around the concept of predestination. Followers of Calvin believed that one could not do good works or perform acts of faith to assure your place in heaven. You were either among the elect (in which case you were in) or you were not. However, wealth was taken as a sign by you and your neighbors that you were one of the Gods elect, thereby providing encouragement for people to acquire wealth. The Protestant ethic therefore provided religious sanctions that fostered a spirit of rigorous discipline, encouraging men to apply themselves rationally to acquire wealth. This naturalistic approach to religion represented a fundamental paradigm shift in how religion was to be viewed. Instead of requiring clergy in order to understand religion, the requirement became facts and information and research. Whether you agree with the evaluation of the social function of religion as Marx did, that religion was the opium of the people, as Durkheim did that religion was what made moral society hold together, or with Webers The Protestant ethic, it is obvious that religion played a key role in the development of society. 1- Collins, Makowisky; The Discovery of Society How do we account for religion its origin, its development, and even its persistence in modern society? This is a question which has occupied many people in a variety of fields for quite a long time. At one point, the answers were framed in purely theological and religious terms, assuming the truth of Christian revelations and proceeding from there. In the 18th and 19th centuries, a more naturalistic approach developed. Instead of needing to believe in the truth of the religion, what was required was just the opposite: intellectual detachment and a suspension of belief. Three people who ended up doing just that were Karl Marx, Emile Durkheim and Max Weber.

Emily Stowe essays

Emily Stowe essays Emily Stowe was the first Canadian woman to practice medicine in Canada. She encouraged many other women in Canada to go to school, and to study hard so they could be successful not only in medicine but in careers traditionally dominated by men. Many men put much effort into stopping women from having the career of their choice. Emily grew up in a community that accepted everyone as equals. Therefore giving her the attitude and the motivation to want a career and to fight for the equal right of Canadian women. From being born into a community that accepted women as equals, to being the first female school principal, to opening the world of medicine to women, Emily never stopped trying to make the world a better place for everyone. Emily Howard Jennings was born on May 1, 1831 to the parents of Hannah and Solomon Jennings. Emily was the eldest of six girls. The Jennings lived in a small rural community called Norwich, in Oxford County, which is about one hundred and fifty kilometers southwest of Toronto. It was in this small community that Emily and her sisters grew up and developed the strong beliefs and morals that were to be so important later on in Emily's life. Emily's parents became Methodists, but were originally Quakers. With Emily's parents both being Quakers, it had a very strong influence on Emily, because Quakers firmly believed a proper education was greatly important for everyone, including women. During Emily's childhood, she grew up learning that girls and boys were equally capable to carry out any task. To ensure that Emily and her sisters were to receive a good education, Emily's mother, Hannah Jennings, taught them herself. Emily's great Grandfather even opened Norwich's first schoo l in his own house. So Hannah knew how important a good education was in her family, that is why she decided to teach her children herself. By the age of fifteen, Emily had excelled to such a degree that she was teaching s...

Monetary Theory of Germany Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Monetary Theory of Germany - Research Paper Example The Bundesbank Act of 1957 birthed the central bank of Germany. In the period since the independent Bundesbank has been successful in pursuing price stability. In fact, the ECB and other central banks in the EU transition economies have been modeled after it. The Bundesbank, by any definition of targeting, cannot be defined as a monetary targeter (Haan 67). Instead, it consciously uses its monetary targets as a signaling framework for intent and explaining its policies to the public. This has given the monetary stance taken by the bank an increased level of transparency, which has, in turn, enhanced its flexibility when it comes to economic responses such as the reunification process. Another step that the bank has taken to its benefit has been its independence from control by political events. The Bundesbank has taken transparency in a meaningful manner and has announced, publicly, its medium-term policy goal of a 2% inflation rate and given information regarding its economic outcomes and policies that are necessary assessing the bank’s performance. Its steps towards this direction have proven that accountability to the standard that clearly helps rather than stands in the way of central bank independence in the long term. The highest form of praise for the successful steps taken by the Bundesbank over the past years has been imitation by other central banks. This has especially been so because of its independence from political control, a legal statement that commits itself to price stability, and monetary target adoption. (Haan 70). The Bundesbank is not a monetary targeter. However, this does not imply that inflation in Germany has stayed low due to fac tors beyond the bank’s control or luck. Historical records, as well as those from the past five years, have shown a different utilization of monetary targets. It uses the targets as a signaling framework. On top of increased transparency, the Bundesbank has taken to disciplined discretion (Haan 70). This is neither a complicated hidden law followed by the Bundesbank or the occurrences that follow when conservative central banks possess autonomy. It means that the bank has committed itself in publicly clarifying the stance and intent of its monetary policy regarding its

Roles and responsibilities Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Roles and responsibilities - Essay Example Coaching and physical instruction involves programming and planning process. It extensively involves the teaching style, the learning style, the leadership style, the coaching style and the communication skills. According to Cross (1999), physical fitness is categorized into two, first, is the general fitness which refers to the condition of an individual health and wealth being. Secondly, is the specific fitness which is mainly task-oriented. It is defined depending on an individual’s ability to carry out different aspects of sports. Physical fitness is gained through exercising, having the correct nutrition and adequate rest. All these are important in an individual’s life. According to Weinberg and Gould (2005), physical activity is an exercise through which the body is made to work extra hard than normal. It involves actives that go to the extreme level as compared to one’s routine of just sitting, standing and walking up the stairs. Increased Physical activi ty is beneficial to all. Sport is known to be a game that has its basis in physical athleticism, (Heyward, 2006). The roles and responsibilities of a coach are viewed at times as being complex and involving Cassidy, (2005). At the same time they are exciting and very rewarding to all individuals involved. ... This is based on the idea that reassurance and relieve is attained through sharing anxieties. Fourthly, a coach is a demonstrator; a coach has to clearly demonstrate the right skill which the athletes are supposed to perform. Fifth, he or she plays a role of a friend; a coach and an athlete develop personal relationship with time as they work together. Apart from provision of coaching advice sport coach become a close person who can also be involved problems discussion and sharing of success. A coach has to be careful and ensure that all personal information remains confidential. Through this, the coach will manage to maintain the existing friendship and respect. The sixth role is that of a facilitator, a coach is greatly involved in identifying the appropriate competitions which best suit the athletes. This will assist the competitors in attaining their yearly objectives. The seventh role is that of a fact finder, a coach plays a key role in collection of data of both national and i nternational results and provides updates with the latest training techniques. Eight, a coach is a fountain of knowledge; in some cases coaches are asked questions on different events on media, for example television, diet, sport injuries and other topics outside the field of sports. Ninth, a coach is also an instructor who is supposed to instruct athletes on different sport skills. Tenth, he or she is a motivator; a coach plays a key role in maintaining the motivation of athletes throughout the year. Twelfth, he or she is a role model, a coach remains to be a model on specific behavioural and social role for those under him or her to imitate. This is among the most important roles as coaches are required to be good examples to

Pip and Estella Essay Example for Free

Pip and Estella Essay Chapter 33 opens with Pip again showing how obsessed he is with Estella. He says however, even in my eyes suggesting that he realises that he sees her in a better light than anybody else for example Herbert says in chapter 22: Shes a Tartar. Pip notices a change in her mannerisms in this visit, only the second time the two have met since adulthood. Pip again shows that he knows she is different around him to around other people as he says, cared to let it be to me, he seems to know, or at least believe that she is ruder, more insulting and supercilious in Pips company than that of people in her social circle, or of class. Throughout this chapter and chapter 29, even though both Pip and Estella are adults now, we see the influence of Miss Havisham. Estella blames her actions upon her being made to follow the unknown orders of Miss Havisham; and I write in obedience to it suggests that Estella is otherwise unwilling to have any contact with Pip at all, and she wants him to know this. Estella also says; We have no choice, you and I, but to obey our instructions. We are not free to follow our own devices, you and I. which suggests that she is unhappy. This is interpreted badly by Pip as to mean that she wants more between them than is allowed, whereas she could mean exactly the opposite. Pip recognises however her reluctance and an awkward air of orders being carried out when he says; She drew her arm through mine, as if it must be done As a child Miss Havisham always encouraged Pip to like Estella with influential dialogue such as And never see her again, though she is so pretty? . But it becomes dramatically apparent that Estella wants to discourage Pip from following Miss Havishams encouragements; Will you never take warning? Or do you kiss my hand in the spirit I once let you kiss my cheek? and although she seems to have started off the visit quite mannered and nicer to Pip she soon returns to arrogant and supercilious with lines such as; you must not expect me to go to school to you; I must talk in my own way. which also suggests that she is trying to distance herself from Pip. However she does seem to show a trust and dependence upon Pip when she entrusts him with her purse and although she does so coldly, holds his arm. Is that just a way to lure him? Pip is well aware that she tries to lure him as he says in Chapter 29 She treated me as a boy still, but she lured me on. But even this sense of Estella trying to manipulate Pip as Pip now knows is the plan of Miss Havisham does not dissuade him as he says; It was impossible for me to avoid seeing that she cared to attract me; and that she made herself winning; and would have won me even if the task had needed pains. he obviously knows the intentions of Miss Havisham to wreak revenge on all the male sex when he continues with she held my heart in her hand because it would have wrung any tenderness in her, to crush it and throw it away. In Chapter 33 she calls Pip a silly boy as a derogatory term, echoing earlier episodes when she regularly referred to him, although a peer as boy. Although actually for the first time in the novel she also called him Pip. Is this Estella purposely trying to make Pip think they are closer or their relationship has changed in some way, maybe more intimate than before in the novel. Throughout the chapter Estella remains quite composed and a strong character whilst Pip explicitly hints at his feelings towards Estella and drifts off into daydreams; having forgotten everything but herself, he obviously has stronger feeling towards her than her feeling to him, if she has any at all, which, although hinted at have not been explicitly shown. Even when we do see a hint that Estella does have feelings for Pip, we must also remember that Pip, as narrator, is biased, as wishful thinking possibly. As a very small point, but one that may show a point in the story of importance, Estella says kiss my cheek whereas Pip says kiss the cheek could this be Pip trying to distance himself from Estella, show a hardening to her temptations? Pip says; Her reverting to this tone as if our association were forced upon us gave me pain Whatever her tone with me happened to be, I could put no trust in it, and build no hope on it; which tells the reader that he is hardening to her effects, but Pip obviously adores her too much when he continues; I went on against trust and hope continuing the idea that he does not just love her, but has become obsessed by Estella. However, it is made explicitly obvious that she can certainly live without Pip and intends to do so. But she continues to, obvious to the reader if not to Pip, encourage his beliefs of her mutual feelings when she says indeed you are already mentioned which suggests to Pip that he is considered by Estella often, although we do not know who mentioned Pip, as it could just be the plans of Miss Havisham for Pip to visit. If the reader views Estella as completely manipulative and heartless, then this being the first time in the novel that she calls Pip by his name could be seen as Estella trying to drag Pip further into her net and Pip realise this, although he still continues to let it work. Chapter 33 is a key point where Pip realises Estellas true intentions, or at least begins to see through her plans. Show preview only The above preview is unformatted text This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in our GCSE Great Expectations section.

Typhoid Fever :: science

Typhoid Fever Introduction: Typhoid fever is a bacterial infection of the intestinal tract and occasionally the bloodstream, and is from the Salmonella species. Risk of infection is greatest for travellers to developing countries who will have prolonged exposure to potentially contaminated food and beverages. Typhoid fever is a bacterial infection of the intestinal tract and occasionally the bloodstream. Symptoms: Fever as high as 103Â ° to 104Â ° F (39Â ° to 40Â ° C). , Severe headache , Insomnia, Nose bleeding, Either diarrhoea or constipation, Weakness, Stomach pains, Loss of appetite, A rash, Chills, Sore throat, And in some cases, rose coloured spots may appear. Preventive Measures , Isolation of infected person, usually only people who cant control their need to go to the toilet, eg: babies, and some disabled people., Personal Hygiene, Hand washing before eating , Clean and careful food preparation , Drink safe water , Safe Water , Sanitation. If you drink water, buy it bottled or bring it to boil for 1minute before you drink it. Bottled carbonated water is safer than uncarbonated water. Ask for drinks without ice unless the ice is made from bottled or boiled water. Avoid icypoles and flavoured ices that may have been made with contaminated water. Eat foods that have been thoroughly cooked and that are still hot and steaming. Avoid raw vegetables and fruits that cannot be peeled. Vegetables like lettuce are easily contaminated and are very hard to wash well. When you eat raw fruit or vegetables that can be peeled, peel them yourself. (Wash your hands with soap first.) Do not eat the peelings. Avoid foods and beverages from street vendors. It is difficult for food to be kept clean on the street, and many travellers get sick from food bought from street vendors. Bread is safest when served fresh from the oven. Avoid moist grain dishes (like rice) that have been allowed to sit at room temperature for long periods of time. Don't swim or fish in polluted waters, and don't eat fish that may have been caught in such waters. As a last resort, if no source of safe drinking water is available or can be obtained, tap water that is uncomfortably hot to touch may be safer than cold tap water; however, proper disinfection or boiling is still advised. Mode of Transmission: Salmonella Typhi only lives in humans. Persons with typhoid fever carry the bacteria in their bloodstream and intestinal tract.

Neolithic Revolution Essay

The Neolithic Revolution was a fundamental change in the way people lived. The shift from hunting & gathering to agriculture led to permanent settlements, the establishment of social classes, and the eventual rise of civilizations. It was a revolution of achieving social and technological advances, while economic, political, and social changes resulted from the rise of cities, allowing the ability to support an increasingly large population. Therefore, the Neolithic Revolution led to the seven traits of civilization. Prior to the Neolithic Revolution’s transformations, people were forced to hunt for their own food. This resulted in humans following their food sources’ trail, whether it be hunting an animal, or essential natural resources. Because of the fact that people were constantly shifting from area to area based on their food, this labeled them as nomads; people who did not have a permanent home or residence. Due to the lack of food, there was a small population. Then, gradually, the Neolithic Revolution began to take place at different times and different places, a time period where humans shifted from gathering and hunting food to producing it. People began domesticating animals to provide food, as well as plants and crops, which varied depending on climate. As a result of domestication, agriculture began to take form. Agriculture is the farming of animals and plants, which made life easier and enabled people to remain in the same place. These were some of the building block s for civilization that took place during the Neolithic Revolution. Agriculture led to villages because farming encouraged the formation of larger and more stable communities than had existed before Neolithic times. Most hunting humans moved in small groups containing no more than 60 individuals who could not settle in a single spot lest the game run out. With settled agriculture the constraints changed. Communities developed around the cleared and improved fields. Now that food was plentiful and able to be harvested, population strongly increased. With more people and a lack  of diverse jobs, specialization of labor was developed when men and women became artisans, growing increasingly productive and creative. This occurred since farmers grew all the food, and not everyone had to be a farmer. Gradually, humans became innovative and improved quality and numbers of their products. People were slowly yet steadily continuing to progress towards the seven traits of civilization. Specialization of labor began to then lead to the seven traits of civilization. As villages evolved into cities and became more complex, many new jobs developed. For instance, officials gathered taxes, engineers planned irrigation systems, and soldiers defended city walls, resulting in government and military. As life in cities grew increasingly complex, people began to keep permanent records and developed writing. Other humans became skilled artisans who devoted their time to crafts such as baskets, metalwork, or pottery, while others built large public works such as temples or buildings. This was the development of art and architecture. Religion then resulted from things people could not explain, with early civilizations which had formal religious institutions that included ceremonies, rituals, and other forms of worship. As urban societies developed institutions and specialized labor, a social order developed based on people’s occupations, wealth, and influence. Due to their experience with agriculture, humans of the Neolithic Revolution then improved their farming systems and advanced their personal resources to be more productive. As shown, all of the seven traits were a result of the Neolithic Revolution, and led to civilization. The Neolithic Revolution caused the seven traits to take effect. If it weren’t for those traits, we may still be undeveloped nomads today. Having taken a huge step towards modern society, the early humans who lived during the Neolithic Revolution were hard at work in learning how to start a civilization. They have given up their nomadic days and discovered the advantages to settling down in one area. No longer were lives at risk every day. The Neolithic Revolution was the first step in building a modern society where humans can live in peace and not worry about betting on their lives for days’ worth of food and finally able to rest their minds without worry. The Neolithic Revolution was a crucial part of human history and  without it, we would not have civilization.