Monetary Theory of Germany Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Monetary Theory of Germany - Research Paper Example The Bundesbank Act of 1957 birthed the central bank of Germany. In the period since the independent Bundesbank has been successful in pursuing price stability. In fact, the ECB and other central banks in the EU transition economies have been modeled after it. The Bundesbank, by any definition of targeting, cannot be defined as a monetary targeter (Haan 67). Instead, it consciously uses its monetary targets as a signaling framework for intent and explaining its policies to the public. This has given the monetary stance taken by the bank an increased level of transparency, which has, in turn, enhanced its flexibility when it comes to economic responses such as the reunification process. Another step that the bank has taken to its benefit has been its independence from control by political events. The Bundesbank has taken transparency in a meaningful manner and has announced, publicly, its medium-term policy goal of a 2% inflation rate and given information regarding its economic outcomes and policies that are necessary assessing the bank’s performance. Its steps towards this direction have proven that accountability to the standard that clearly helps rather than stands in the way of central bank independence in the long term. The highest form of praise for the successful steps taken by the Bundesbank over the past years has been imitation by other central banks. This has especially been so because of its independence from political control, a legal statement that commits itself to price stability, and monetary target adoption. (Haan 70). The Bundesbank is not a monetary targeter. However, this does not imply that inflation in Germany has stayed low due to fac tors beyond the bank’s control or luck. Historical records, as well as those from the past five years, have shown a different utilization of monetary targets. It uses the targets as a signaling framework. On top of increased transparency, the Bundesbank has taken to disciplined discretion (Haan 70). This is neither a complicated hidden law followed by the Bundesbank or the occurrences that follow when conservative central banks possess autonomy. It means that the bank has committed itself in publicly clarifying the stance and intent of its monetary policy regarding its

Roles and responsibilities Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Roles and responsibilities - Essay Example Coaching and physical instruction involves programming and planning process. It extensively involves the teaching style, the learning style, the leadership style, the coaching style and the communication skills. According to Cross (1999), physical fitness is categorized into two, first, is the general fitness which refers to the condition of an individual health and wealth being. Secondly, is the specific fitness which is mainly task-oriented. It is defined depending on an individual’s ability to carry out different aspects of sports. Physical fitness is gained through exercising, having the correct nutrition and adequate rest. All these are important in an individual’s life. According to Weinberg and Gould (2005), physical activity is an exercise through which the body is made to work extra hard than normal. It involves actives that go to the extreme level as compared to one’s routine of just sitting, standing and walking up the stairs. Increased Physical activi ty is beneficial to all. Sport is known to be a game that has its basis in physical athleticism, (Heyward, 2006). The roles and responsibilities of a coach are viewed at times as being complex and involving Cassidy, (2005). At the same time they are exciting and very rewarding to all individuals involved. ... This is based on the idea that reassurance and relieve is attained through sharing anxieties. Fourthly, a coach is a demonstrator; a coach has to clearly demonstrate the right skill which the athletes are supposed to perform. Fifth, he or she plays a role of a friend; a coach and an athlete develop personal relationship with time as they work together. Apart from provision of coaching advice sport coach become a close person who can also be involved problems discussion and sharing of success. A coach has to be careful and ensure that all personal information remains confidential. Through this, the coach will manage to maintain the existing friendship and respect. The sixth role is that of a facilitator, a coach is greatly involved in identifying the appropriate competitions which best suit the athletes. This will assist the competitors in attaining their yearly objectives. The seventh role is that of a fact finder, a coach plays a key role in collection of data of both national and i nternational results and provides updates with the latest training techniques. Eight, a coach is a fountain of knowledge; in some cases coaches are asked questions on different events on media, for example television, diet, sport injuries and other topics outside the field of sports. Ninth, a coach is also an instructor who is supposed to instruct athletes on different sport skills. Tenth, he or she is a motivator; a coach plays a key role in maintaining the motivation of athletes throughout the year. Twelfth, he or she is a role model, a coach remains to be a model on specific behavioural and social role for those under him or her to imitate. This is among the most important roles as coaches are required to be good examples to